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The Anglo-Bavarian Brewery was originally established in Shepton Mallet in Somerset, England in 1864. It has been claimed as the first lager brewery in the United Kingdom,〔("First lager brew house 'at risk': Britain's first lager brewery has been added to English Heritage's endangered properties list." ), ''BBC News'', June 30, 2004. Retrieved January 12, 2008.〕 although the claim is disputed. It closed in 1920. The building, now the Anglo Trading Estate, is a grade II * listed building〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=Images of England )〕 and is on English Heritage's Heritage at Risk Register, and Mendip District Council's Historic Buildings at Risk Register. == 1864 to 1914 – Establishment and Growth == The brewery was built for Morrice, Cox and Clarke of London, and was initially called the Shepton Mallet Pale Ale Brewery. During the construction work on the site pottery kilns, used to make Severn Valley Ware, dating from the 1st to 2nd century were discovered. In 1871, the business was sold by auction to Hill, Garton and Company of Southampton, who subsequently expanded and modernised it. In 1872 the Pale Ale Brewery was renamed the Anglo-Bavarian Brewery. It has been asserted that this was in reference to the employment, by the new owners, of some brewers from Bavaria in order to produce a German-style beer, and that what is now called lager was brewed from that year.〔Davis, p60, quoting Col. Garton, a descendant of the Garton family〕 The writer Alfred Barnard, who visited the brewery in 1890, refers to a report from the British Commission on Beers which describes a beer from the Anglo-Bavarian brewery exhibited in Vienna as "combining the special properties of high class English Ales, with those of the lighter beers brewed upon the Bavarian lines" which, it has been claimed, supports the belief that the Anglo-Bavarian was brewing a form of lager.〔Davis, p29 and p60, quoting Barnard〕 However Barnard's account of his own visit to the brewery only mentions "running" ale (for immediate consumption) and "stock ale",〔 (also quoted in Davis, p22)〕 and newspaper advertisements for the Anglo-Bavarian Brewery Company in the mid-1870s show it brewing pale ale, mild ale, strong ale, porter, stout and amber ale, but not lager. The brewery site was lit throughout by electricity by 1889, generated by a dynamo powered by a steam engine, allowing work to continue at night. In 1890 the brewery employed over 200 people (compared with about 50 in the early 1870s). There was no natural source of water on the brewery site and so water was supplied by the local water company. This was sufficient for a while but by the end of 19th century an additional source was required. A spring was discovered at Bowlish which proved able to provide seemingly unlimited supplies of very pure water. Disposal of the effluents produced by the brewery were also a major problem and pollution of the River Sheppey was a source of much discontent amongst land owners further down the valley from 1877 until the closure of the brewery in 1921. In 1890 it was reported that the beer brewed at the Anglo-Bavarian was sold throughout England and the Channel Islands by 250 agents. However the brewery’s main area of sales was export. Beginning in 1875, beer was transported to a bottler in London, from where it was shipped to Australia, New Zealand, India, South Africa, South America and the West Indies. Overseas sales were in the order of 1.8 million bottles per year. As well as providing employment to Shepton Mallet, the Anglo-Bavarian Brewery also provided the services of its fire brigade to the town (and the wider surrounding area) between 1868 and 1921. The brewery fire brigade were called upon many times, most notably in 1904 for a fire at Shepton Mallet Prison. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anglo-Bavarian Brewery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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